• In this scenario the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors TKI

  2024-03-08

  

  In this scenario, the receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), sunitinib, an anti-angiogenic agent, was tested in phase III trial, leading to a longer progressing free survival when compared to interferon (median: 11 vs. 5mo, respectively, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.32–0.54; PhyPerFUsion™

• br Author contributions br Competing interests br Transparen

  2024-03-08

  

  Author contributions Competing interests Transparency document Acknowledgments This research was funded by a TOP ZonMW grant (40-00812-98-10054) to R.O.E., a DFG grant (KR4391/1-1) and IZKF Erlangen grant (J36) to A.K. and supported in part by Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de

• Of the many different types of DNA lesions

  2024-03-08

  

  Of the many different types of DNA lesions, DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are amongst the most deleterious. It has been suggested that a single unrepaired DSB may be sufficient to induce cell death (Bennett et al., 1993), whereas misrepaired DSBs can result in loss of genetic information, potentia

• The mitogen activated protein kinase MAPK plays an important

  2024-03-08

  

  The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays an important role in a variety of cell processes by controlling transcriptional or translational regulation [14]. There are three major MAPK family members that have been well characterized: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-termin

• RPC1063 In conclusion the partial sequencing and characteriz

  2024-03-08

  

  In conclusion, the partial sequencing and characterization of R. quelen cyp19a1b provides essential information about this gene and its presence in peripheral tissues outside of the central nervous system in a teleost. Furthermore, we covered sex differences in the effects of E2 on the cyp19a1b gene

• Oxamic acid br Materials and methods br Results br Discussio

  2024-03-08

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, the orphan receptor GPR25 was cloned from several representative vertebrate species including zebrafish. Although the overall amino Oxamic acid sequence identity among these species is not high (38–52%), our synteny analysis clearly i

• The lack of benefit in

  2024-03-07

  

  The lack of benefit in terms of overall survival for antiangiogenic treatment was similar when antiangiogenic drug was used both as first and second-line therapy, and both in association with cytotoxic treatment or alone. Noteworthy, a trend for an inferior outcome was observed in the group of patie

• What are the in situ effects of

  2024-03-07

  

  What are the in-situ effects of multi-site CaM associations with AT1R? Kai et al. showed that synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 125–137 (rat sequence) in SMD2, 217–227 in the N-terminal side of SMD3, and 304–316 in SMD4JM inhibit to various degrees AngII-induced GTPase activity of isolate

• Akt is another upstream kinase known

  2024-03-07

  

  Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 134 4 show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase, only ce

• br Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives The

  2024-03-07

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives The collective evidence from studies detailing the functions of AMPK in the neuromuscular system, combined with those in DMD, SMA, and DM1 surveyed in the present review, strongly suggests that AMPK is a central mediator of neuromuscular determination, m

• Platelet derived growth factor PDGF and ciliary

  2024-03-07

  

  Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are expressed by glial aminopeptidase and are important to neuron survival and the maintenance of oligodendrocytes. These neurotrophic factors contribute to the remyelination process by increasing the proliferation of olig

• A requirement for active PKA signaling during LTD induction

  2024-03-07

  

  A requirement for active PKA signaling during LTD induction was proposed in studies characterizing AKAP150 D36mice (Lu et al., 2008), but linking impaired LTD in D36 mice to PKA signaling deficits was complicated by subsequent work showing substantial increases in the number of dendritic spines and

• Analysis of the crystal structures of LAPs

  2024-03-07

  

  Analysis of the crystal structures of LAPs from E. coli[29], bovine eye lens [30], Pseudomonas putida[27], tomato [31] and P. falciparum[32] revealed that the monomer of M17-family LAP is composed of two domains: the smaller, variable N-terminal domain and the larger, conserved C-terminal domain tha

• Within the PARP family TIPARP

  2024-03-07

  

  Within the PARP family, TIPARP is most evolutionarily conserved with PARP12 (ARTD12) and PARP13 (ARTD13) [27,28,41]. All three proteins contain at least one RNA-type CCCH zinc finger domain, a poly-ADP-ribose binding WWE domain and a PARP catalytic domain (Fig. 1). PARP13 is catalytically inactive,

• Young et al described the role

  2024-03-07

  

  Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c

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