• Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin D deficiency w

  2021-11-23

  

  Epidemiological studies revealed that vitamin D deficiency was associated with a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, in particular, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (Annweiler et al., 2013; Knekt et al., 2010), dementia and cognitive function impairment (Balio

• simvastatin zocor br Signals transmitted via MEGJ MEGJ

  2021-11-23

  

  Signals transmitted via MEGJ MEGJ facilitate the direct transfer of ion currents or small molecules between EC and VSMC. Molecules passing through MEGJ are mainly second messengers such as Ca2+, IP3, and cAMP [31,32,] or endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH) signals [34, 35, 36]. Moreover,

• The GABA A receptors containing the subunit are crucial

  2021-11-23

  

  The GABA-A receptors containing the δ subunit are crucial for the mediation of non-synaptic inhibition in the dentate gyrus; thus, the decreased expression of the δ subunit may suggest a decrease in the inhibitory tone and an increase in the neuronal excitability. Moreover, the GABA-A receptors cont

• br Introduction For decades regulated apoptosis and unregula

  2021-11-22

  

  Introduction For decades, regulated apoptosis and unregulated, accidental necrosis have been considered as the two sole cell death routes in multicellular organisms. With the beginning of the 21st century a paradigm shift has been witnessed by researchers in the field with the recognition that ma

• Myelination by oligodendrocytes is required for saltatory ne

  2021-11-22

  

  Myelination by oligodendrocytes is required for saltatory nerve impulse conduction and proper CNS function (Bercury and Macklin, 2015). Defects in myelination and remyelination impair saltatory nerve conduction and functional connectivity leading to cognitive, behavioral, and motor deficits in neuro

• The relationship between the attention deficit hyperactivity

  2021-11-22

  

  The relationship between the attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and H3Rs is supported by several reports (Berlin et al., 2011; Passani, Bacciottini, Mannaioni, & Blandina, 2000; Vohora & Bhowmik, 2012). ADHD is a neurobehavioral disorder with high prevalence in children, with hyperactiv

• 5 03 br Conflict of interest br Funding br Introduction Heme

  2021-11-22

  

  Conflict of interest Funding Introduction Heme is an essential molecule for cellular metabolism involving oxygen and electron transfer [1]. However, free heme is a potent pro-oxidant that catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cellular damage [2]. Heme oxygenas

• Lactate LA the end product

  2021-11-22

  

  Lactate (LA), the end product of aerobic glycolysis, has been long neglected and seen as a byproduct until recently the findings for its important role in global gene transcription, cancer progression, functional polarisation of immune sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator and the sustenance o

• Several studies have found that

  2021-11-22

  

  Several studies have found that GPR55 possesses a distinct pharmacology from that of CB1 and CB2, and that only certain cannabinoids act at this receptor. In transfected p2y inhibitor expressing hGPR55, out of more than 20 synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids evaluated, only 2 compounds, SR141716A

• Because sleep and metabolism are intimately linked the autho

  2021-11-22

  

  Because sleep and metabolism are intimately linked, the authors next move to study whether Eaat2 also controls metabolic rate. First, we must ask how sleep and metabolism are connected at a functional level. The ST 2825 allocation hypothesis of sleep posits that organisms temporally partition speci

• Tail group SAR of the imidazole derived

  2021-11-22

  

  Tail group SAR of the imidazole derived analogs is shown in . The previous SAR study from the discovery of AMG 837 revealed that a simple un-substituted meta-biphenyl tail group was less favorable in terms of potency. Efforts to introduce polarity to the tail group were not successful. When a methyl

• Heart failure affects approximately million people over year

  2021-11-22

  

  Heart failure affects approximately 6.5 million people over 20 years of age in the United States, with its prevalence estimated to increase about 45% by 2030 to almost 8 million . It is a chronic disease with complex etiology and heterogeneity in its pathological manifestations. Major risk factors f

• Introduction Parkinson s Disease PD is a

  2021-11-22

  

  Introduction Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting approximately 5–6 million individuals worldwide [1]. This number is expected to escalate to ∼10 million by the year 2030 as the world's population rapidly ages [2]. In the United States, more than 1 million individuals h

• Lapatinib The Hippo pathway has been well established

  2021-11-22

  

  The Hippo pathway has been well established as a tumor suppressor pathway and is involved in many diverse biologic processes including cell growth, cell death, and organ size control in organisms, ranging from Drosophila to mammals [4]. Central to this pathway is a kinase cascade in which the Ste20-

• A breakthrough in the understanding of the unique properties

  2021-11-22

  

  A breakthrough in the understanding of the unique properties of GPX4-downregulation-induced cell death was accomplished when Seiler et al. in 2008 demonstrated the role of 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX), a polyunsaturated fatty SKL2001 metabolizing enzyme [92], in the execution of GPX4-knockout-med

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