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br Duality of interest br Contribution statement br Acknowle
2023-03-20
Duality of interest Contribution statement Acknowledgments Introduction Rapid, cell surface-initiated steroid actions have been reported for all major groups of steroid hormones and our understanding of membrane-mediated steroid actions has progressed rapidly over the last two decades. M
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Testosterone can be converted into estrogens by aromatase ac
2023-03-20
Testosterone can be converted into estrogens by aromatase action. Aromatase is encoded by CYP19, belongs to cytochrome P450 superfamily, and synthesizes estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) from testosterone and androstenedione respectively (Fig. 1). Aromatase is expressed in the ORS of anagen hair folli
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The primary structure of the
2023-03-20
The primary structure of the Aβ peptide can be divided into four regions based on hydrophobicity. The N-terminal residues 1–16 comprise the first hydrophilic region, which also contains the metal binding site. More specifically, side chain carboxylate of D1 and the side chain nitrogens of H6, H13 an
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We next considered the effect of alkyl
2023-03-20
We next considered the effect of alkyl chain length on the inhibitory activity. As can be seen from , it is obvious that there is no proportional relationship between the methylene chain length and activity. The activity decreased when the chain length increased from 1 to 3 and increased with elonga
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br Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and
2023-03-20
Introduction Psychostimulant abuse and addiction remain a societal problem in the United States. The latest statistics from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health indicate that slightly less than one million people over the age of 12 report having a cocaine use disorder (NSDUH, 2016). Additio
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The observation that vortioxetine blocks
2023-03-20
The observation that vortioxetine blocks 5-HT-induced currents in 5-HT3 receptor-expressing oocytes suggests that vortioxetine acts to functionally antagonize these receptors, and is in line with previously published data (Bang-Andersen et al., 2011). For example, Mørk et al. (2012) demonstrated tha
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The A b action occurs in conditions
2023-03-20
The A2b action occurs in conditions where high concentrations of adenosine is generated, so its blockage does not interfere with other physiological processes mediated by adenosine and others AR [105]. Furthermore the A3 receptor was shown to have pro-apoptotic effects on tumor lines of breast, lung
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It is worth mentioning that cordycepin as an adenosine analo
2023-03-20
It is worth mentioning that cordycepin, as an adenosine analogue, is structurally similar to adenosine. A previous study has shown that the anti-apoptotic effects of cordycepin are partially dependent on the activation of A1R [16], and cordycepin increases theta waves power density via nonspecific a
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There are several reports about the expression
2023-03-17
There are several reports about the expression of AChRs and their modulation to osteogenic factors in osteoblasts (Rothem et al., 2011, Sato et al., 2010, Walker et al., 2001). The normal osteocytic MLO-Y4 Shikonin expressed multiple subtypes, which was demonstrated by the detection of M1, M2, M5,
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While the direct effects of ARI
2023-03-17
While the direct effects of 5-ARI lead to a dramatic UNC0379 in serum DHT levels, other laboratory values are also affected by 5-ARI use. Serum testosterone elevations are known to occur with both finasteride and dutasteride use, but values will typically remain within the normal laboratory range [
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Consistent with a damaging role for increased LOX
2023-03-17
Consistent with a damaging role for increased 12/15-LOX activity in stroke, systemic administration of the 12/15-LOX inhibitor, LB1, 2 h after permanent focal cerebral ischemia significantly reduced infarct size 24 h after the ischemia, and the treatment group demonstrated improved behavioral and he
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The current literature clearly states that there
2023-03-17
The current literature clearly states that there are no widely adopted standardized methods to determine the total antioxidant capacity of foods or biological samples. One should consider the antioxidant reaction mechanism in system to determine the most appropriate methods for the measurement. It h
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Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK
2023-03-17
Akt is another upstream kinase known to phosphorylate AMPK Ser489 in response to high insulin levels [7], [21]. HepG2 GSK1016790A show an increase in phosphorylation of AMPK at Ser485 when incubated with either insulin or troglitazone individually (Fig. 5A and C). Despite this concurrent increase,
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br Serine glycine and one carbon
2023-03-17
Serine/glycine and one-carbon metabolism Altered serine metabolism in tumors was noted nearly half a century ago, and elevated flux through the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) is a common phenomenon in cancer 9-amino Camptothecin [43]. The SSP branches from glycolysis at the point of 3-ph
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Imaging QTL studies may have several
2023-03-17
Imaging QTL studies may have several potential advantages over case-control studies, including increased power . Imaging endophenotypes of disease in QTL studies can separate patients and normal subjects more accurately and therefore limit the confound of including asymptomatic subjects in the contr
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